FRENCH REVOLUTION 1 MARK QNS BY ABHISHEK SINHA

1. What is subsistence crisis?

Ans. Subsistence crisis is an extreme situation in which the basics means of livelihood is endangered.

2. What privileges were given to the first and second estates?

Ans. The privileges given are :-

i.) They were exempted of paying taxes to the government

ii.) They could take feudal dues from peasants as labor in fields or army.
3. What was the population of France in 1715 and what was it in 1789?

Ans. The population of France was 23 million in 1715 and it grew to 28 million in 1789

4. What was the occupation of the middle class people?

Ans. The main occupation of middle class people was overseas trade and manufacturing. In addition some of them were also professionals like lawyers.
5. What is Estates General in political institution of France before 1789?

Ans. Estates General was a political body to which the 3 estates sent their representatives to take a particular decision before the monarch.
6. What was the main aim of the National Assembly?

Ans. The main aim of National Assembly was to draft a constitution to limit the powers of the monarch and make it constitutional monarchy.
7. Who were active citizens?

Ans. Active citizens are the men who are given the right to vote. They must be above the age of 25 and must pay taxes equal to 3 days of labor’s wage.
8. Answer the following :-

i.) One word for the essential rights like Right to life, Equality before law, Freedom of opinions.

ii.) What were members of Jacobins also called?

Ans. i.) Natural and inalienable Rights      ii) Sans-culottes
9. Write any two changes introduced by Robespierre.

Ans. Two changes introduced by Robespierre are:-

i.) Peasants were forced to transport their grains to cities and sell them at prices fixed by the government.

ii.) Churches were shutdown and they were used as barracks or offices.
10. What was the main aim behind having 5 directors instead of one?

Ans. The main of having 5 directors was that it safeguarded the concentration of power in hands of only one man. It prevented misuse of power by the directors.
11. Give at least two laws which were introduced to improve the lives of women during French revolution.

Ans. Two laws are :-

i.) Schooling was made compulsory for all girls and their fathers cannot force them for marriage.

ii.) Women could now train for jobs, could become artists or run small jobs.

12. Why was slavery re-introduced by Napoleon Bonaparte?

Ans. Napoleon re-introduced slavery because he said plantations owners understood their freedom as including the right to enslave in pursuit of their economic interests.


13. Give two changes introduced by Napoleon.

Ans. Two changes introduced by Napoleon are :-

i.) Protection of private property.

ii.) Uniform system of weights and measurements provided by the decimal system.


14. Answer the following :-

i.) When did France became republic?

ii.) When and where was Napoleon defeated?

Ans. i.) 21st September 1792       ii) 1815, Battle of Waterloo

15. Describe the device guillotine.

Ans. Guillotin was a device made up of two poles and a sharp blade with which a person is beheaded. It was invented by Dr. Guillotin.